GUIDELINES FOR THE TREATMENT OF MALARIA IN SOUTH AFRICA

Directorate: Communicable Disease Control (Hallmark R 1411)

August 2002

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface
Acknowledgements
Summary
Summary flowchart for treatment of malaria

1. Introduction
2. Objectives
3. Parasite species
4. Risk groups
5. Clinical presentation and diagnosis

   5.1 Symptoms and signs
   5.2 Laboratory diagnosis

6. Treatment

   6.1 Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria

   6.1.1 Chemotherapy
   6.1.2 General management
   6.1.3 Drugs

   6.1.3.1 Quinine
   6.1.3.2 Artemisinin derivatives including artemether plus lumefantrine, and artesunate
   6.1.3.3 Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine
   6.1.3.4 Mefloquine
   6.1.3.5 Halofantrine
   6.1.3.6 Tetracyclines
   6.1.3.7 Clindamycin
   6.1.3.8 Chloroquine

   6.2 Treatment of non Plasmodium falciparum infections
   6.3 Treatment of mixed Plasmodium infections
   6.4 Treatment of pregnant women
   6.5 Treatment of infants and young children

7. Severe malaria

   7.1 Features indicating severe malaria
   7.2 Treatment
   7.3 Chemotherapy
   7.4 Loading dose
   7.5 Maintenance dose
   7.6 Other chemotherapeutic options
   7.7 General management
   7.8 Complications and management

8. References
9. Dosage guidelines for the treatment of malaria
10. Malaria risk map for South Africa